A Paralysis of Purpose

One year ago, I was paralyzed with indecision. 

I was attempting to craft statements of purpose or responses to other prompts for a handful of PhD programs. I wrung my hands. I weighed the impact of every single word. Was I being too vague? Was I presuming I knew too much? Was I speaking to the interests of the programs I was applying to without sending my own academic interests down the river in attempt to appear appealing? Would the admissions committees see my statements and see in my writing a skill level inadequate to the task of teaching others about effective writing? In short, I worried I was the perfect example of the Dunning-Kruger effect.

I was not accepted to any of the programs I applied to, and no matter how trite it sounds, I realize that was really for the best. With one exception, the programs I applied to in 2010 were not a good fit. In an attempt to be flexible in the type of program I sought, I applied to schools that did not particularly emphasize composition/rhetoric fields and the related pedagogy, even though that's what I specifically wanted. I've fixed that for my 2011 (entering in Fall 2012) cycle. Only one school is making a repeat appearance, and that's because it has something in common with the other five: my research interest in composition/writing studies and pedagogy. I've used the little bit of time I had between receiving the last rejection letter and starting the applications for what I've affectionately dubbed Round 2 to shore up (as much as was possible in 6 months) what I perceived to be the weaknesses of my Round 1 effort: I've presented at conferences alone and with others. I've taken new roles within the writing center and worked in service to the course that prepares students to become new tutors. I've improved the writing samples I'll send. My GPA has only improved. I'm leaving the GRE situation well enough alone. I still have great relationships with those I've asked to write my letters of recommendation. Where does this leave me?

Back in the grips of Statement of Purpose Paralysis.

What I wrote above is, essentially, the same as what I need to put in a statement of purpose. I'm good enough, I'm smart enough, and doggone it, writing pedagogy likes me (and I like it back). When I first considered what would be necessary to prepare my PhD applications months before Round 1, I perceived statements like this to be the cake part. I'm a writer who loves writing, who tutors writing, and who wants to teach writing; how could I not knock this one out of the park? Yet packaging all of this into something that reads like someone who is ready to take the next step in joining the ongoing discussion is another thing entirely. My audience, those who already do what I want to do eventually, are who I must convince that I'm prepared for that next step. And I must do it with conviction, with confidence, with mindfulness, and with the sense that I really know what I'm about. 

Thus, I've glimpsed in myself what I must remember about many of the writers who sit next to me at the writing center tables: I'm scared to death that I'm about to be found out. Am I really capable of writing this single page that may carry my academic future within its pixels? Can I convince my audience? Do I sound like the writer they want me to be (someone who understands the writer he is, and the writer he isn't, and the writer he must yet be)? I'm frightened that this statement, which I once thought would easily demonstrate the complex academic inquiry I am capable of, will actually reveal the man behind the curtain. Each and every word I strangle out onto the keyboard for this process must be sorted into one of two impressions I perceive it to carry: the competent, self-assured writer/researcher/professor, pursing his lips sagely in his desk chair at his tenure-track office, piles of well-read books and journals scattered at arm's reach; or an emaciated circus dog who has been taught to mimic a human very poorly, stumbling around awkwardly on his hind legs in people clothing, a pitiable imitation. 

I set out to write this here to help me talk myself through the jitters I was having, but as with all such introspective writing, I've come around to a solution. The realization that I am in exactly the same position as my writing center students leaves me with the obvious "physician, heal thyself" tactic: I've made an appointment at my own center to have this blasted thing tutored. I've chosen a fellow tutor I do not know well at all, with whom I have never worked. I'm sure her objectivity will be helpful in pulling me out of my own mind and showing me what I really have on the paper.

But god, do I feel sorry for saddling her with a nervous wreck for her 3 pm appointment.

For Good Measure - #NCPTW Presentation

For no other reason than because it felt like something to do, I'm posting what I presented Saturday, November 5 at 8am during the National Conference on Peer Tutoring in Writing. For those of you unfamiliar with the format, I modeled it loosely after the format seen here, although I did not autotime the slides and used some very minimalist wording for takeaways - that's why it's so graphic heavy and so text-light. The text is the (approximate) script I used to accompany the slide you'll see with it.

I welcome any comments or discussion anyone might like to share.

##

Hi. I’m Roger Austin. I’m a tutor at the Marian E. Wright Writing Center at the University of Michigan-Flint. We’re a small to medium sized writing center, with between 15-20 student tutors on staff in a given semester. I’m talking today about negotiating how we approach our use of directiveness as tutors.

Like my fellow tutors, I underwent a great deal of training – our writing center requires its tutors to take a full-semester class with an observation component – and in that class, we are of course introduced to a whole range of tutoring styles and theories. The intention was to give us the range of options and tools. Our instructor and center director was really specific about only one thing he wanted in the center: “I don’t like minimalism.” So what happened in my first semester tutoring?

Of course, I went minimalist. I heard myself saying “what do you think” to everything students asked me and I cringed, but I kept doing it. For the first couple of months, I’d sit back and let the students do the work, and the results were usually good, but I felt like I was ignoring opportunities to help them better. Finally, I realized I had started tutoring as a minimalist because I felt intimidated by the power I’d been given over my fellow students. I didn’t want to screw this up. So then what happened for the rest of the semester?

I did the exact opposite. Suddenly I knew the answer, I was in a position to share it, and share it I did. I answered questions with certitude. I suggested the best words. I stopped saying “I think you could” and started saying “I think you should.” I quickly realized this was no better and vowed to move somewhere toward the middle. I had to establish a few things, first.

Writing center tutors are not really peers. Placed in this position of reviewing, critiquing, and suggesting methods of development for other students is scary. We do these things as a peer, but from a formal, institutional role in which the writing center casts us. It’s no wonder there’s a pressure to back off and maintain the sense of peership minimalism offers. The consequences are lower.

On the other hand, it’s easy to swing the other way once the tutor realizes that first and foremost, they are there to help. From there it’s a short trip to seeing writers as possessing “flawed” documents that can be “fixed.” Tutors are put there with an authority. Exercising it is startlingly easy, and what the writer leaves with is undoubtedly a “better” paper, but it is no longer really their paper.

Just because a tutor has authority, that does not mean the tutor should be authoritarian. A tutor has the opportunity to introduce the writer to a two-way conversation about writing: suggestions are made, arguments are examined, and content is weighed, but all decisions to revise remain ultimately with the text’s owner. Two writers discussing a spectrum of writing options while maintaining the authority of both contributors is pure collaboration. How does the tutor define the boundaries of that spectrum, and of that collaboration?

“Directive” is not (always) a bad word. When a writer turns to you not because they want you to do the work, but because they don’t know or aren’t sure how to do the work, give them a direction because they may feel directionless. You don’t have to be a turn-by-turn GPS with “A Paper” as the destination. You can be a compass and give the writer a heading.

But purely directive removes the writer. If a writer hasn’t turned to you for direction, or needs only a little nudge, there’s a fine line for the tutor between making a suggestion and taking over.  Being too directive can preempt the writer’s invention process, mute their voice, and rob them of their stake in the outcome. Instead of showing the writer what they can do to write better, you’ve only shown them how you write better.

“Minimalist” is not (always) a bad word. When your writer has the idea, has the drive, and has the skills, but needs a sounding board or a warm body to listen to their plans, sit back and see how far they can go. Ask questions about their work, not their questions. Make them think about how their audience will read them, don’t just tell them. Giving the writer a chance to take control can lead them to a better learning experience.

But purely minimalist stalls the writer. Refusing to ever read the writer’s paper to them is denying them the chance to hear their words more objectively. Mirroring the body language of a disinterested writer borders on being petty. If you meet the writer’s every question with a question of your own, you are obstructing their search for answers, while plainly displaying that you know but are not sharing. Doing this abuses your position of authority, is evasive, and almost elitist.

It may be easy to make assumptions about where a writer will be on their spectrum of writing skill, and what help they will need accordingly, but be willing to move along the spectrum to meet your writer where they need you.

When you start out minimal, you offer the writer a chance to step up and assert their authority over their work. If they don’t seem to want that authority, or don’t think they can handle it, help them find it. Even though they didn’t want that authority at first, they may want to take it back from you as the session unfolds. Offer the reins back frequently.

The best sessions can be when you sit back, and with only a few questions or comments, inspire your student to see their own text in a whole new way. Not only can it be enjoyable for you to watch that session unfold so well, but you’re demonstrating that writers own their writing, and can add, subtract, invent, reinvent, or discard their words any time they want.

If the writer resists their authority, insisting they take it helps no one. Ask questions about the assignment. Establish what they know about their topic. Make suggestions. Tell them if something isn’t clear. Tell them there are alternatives, and don’t be afraid to show them a few. If their paper lacks a clear thesis, tell them so. If a supporting argument is underdeveloped, tell them that. This doesn’t mean you have to tell them exactly how to fix it.

The best sessions can also be when you help a writer who was frustrated by their work step back, break the assignment down into its component parts, and help them form a plan to attack each one. Not only can it be enjoyable for you to watch that session unfold so well, but you’ve also defanged the assignment before it became unmanageable, and have show them that a hard assignment is not an impossible assignment.

We tell our writers that writing is a recursive process that moves back and forth along invention, drafting, and revision constantly. The journey along the spectrum of directivity is not a straight line, but a path that twists back on itself. Starting minimalist and going directive doesn’t mean the tutor has to stay directive. If the session needs to start directive, it doesn’t mean the tutor can’t put the power back in the writer’s hands by offering more minimalist input later.

The writer may have abandoned control, but it is the tutor’s duty to keep giving it back. The writer may keep pushing the reins away, and if they do, don’t force the issue. The writer may also want to take the reins back after seeing one barrier fall away, and be eager to push the rest aside themselves.

Writers exist at many places on the spectrums of writing skill and engagement. By moving fluidly along the spectrum of directivity, tutors can more nimbly intercept the writers wherever they are on their personal writing spectrums, and more assuredly guide them to where they want to go.

Thank you.

Initial thoughts on the conclusion of #NCPTW

I sit now on the balcony of my hotel room in Miami. The Atlantic churns steadily below, but it has been especially tumultuous since yesterday afternoon. My notions of a post-conference dip were pulled out to sea with the riptide warning that’s been in effect for almost the entire weekend. I, of course, curse myself now for having left some work to do on my presentation Thursday afternoon. The feeble consolation prize wade I took tonight only deepened that regret: the water was pleasantly warm and would have been perfect for a swim, except for those pesky 10 ft waves and the purple flag advisory indicating the presence of “Dangerous Marine Life.”

Fortunately, I did not just wade into the National Conference on Peer Tutoring and Writing (see what I did there? Heh. Writing is neat). Having been to one conference already this year as an attendee, a second as a co-presenter, and finally NCPTW as a solo presenter, I knew well enough to really get in deep and get soaked this time. I’d scheduled my flights for the purpose of taking in the whole conference without missing a session, and I kept to that plan. Being a first-time attendee to NCPTW, I went off the assumption that it’d be a bunch of tutors talking about tutoring. I was right, but it really was so much more.

When you really commit to something, really think about it as constantly as I have come to do with writing center theory in the past 12-18 months, a thought roams wider inside your head the deeper you go: Am I really getting this, or am I just scratching the surface in a pale imitation of real theorists? The answer NCPTW provided: I am just scratching the surface, but I am also really beginning to get this.

Many times this weekend, I found myself simply getting it. I don’t know how else to describe that sense of philosophical zen or oneness. I didn’t necessarily agree with everything I heard, but what I observed in sessions and their related discussions was relatable to something I had experienced, had read about, or as in some cases, had been studying closely myself. Jennifer Forsthoefel (Georgia State), in talking about achieving (or retaining) peerness in a writing center session as a graduate writing tutor/consultant, made observations very similar to my own from my session the day before, even going so far as to draw her theory from some of the same sources.

This unexpected philosophical parity is reassuring, but not because I feel like someone working at a higher level has independently drawn some of the same conclusions I have. It’s that I know I’m not off in left field, not completely missing the point of these key discussions. It’s exciting to realize that while I may not yet have joined the larger venues of the discussion, I recognize that I’m almost there. I’m only scratching the surface of what the sessions at NCPTW accomplished for me right now, and I really hope to explore the after-conference effects in upcoming posts.

So to shoehorn home the metaphor I so artlessly started earlier, attending and presenting at NCPTW has gotten me to a point past wading and past treading water. I’m not swimming in the rough surf yet, but NCPTW has at least convinced me I’m in no imminent danger of rhetorically drowning. Now about that “Dangerous Marine Life” …

Special note: I’d like to express my sincere appreciation to the selection committees working with the University of Michigan-Flint’s Fran Frazier Travel Grant and NCPTW’s Registration & Grub Grant. The support provided by these grants made this trip and all its positive results possible.

A Tweet of Three Conferences - #cwcon, Lilly, & #NCPTW

A few months ago, I attended Computers and Writing 2011 in Ann Arbor. I went at the suggestion of James Schirmer, who correctly thought I'd find the topics there interesting. But this story is not about that conference ... much.

A few weeks ago, I was asked by Jacob Blumner to attend the Lilly Conference in Traverse City, and also to fill in for his role in a joint presentation with faculty connected to the Doctor of Nursing Practice/Marian E. Wright Writing Center online writing collaboration. But this story is not about that conference ... much.

What this story is about is the role of Twitter in such academic venues. In the case of one conference, the role was robust, and in the other practically non-existent. The only detour into the actual conference content I'll take is to acknowledge that I was frankly far more interested in the C&W schedule, being that it aligns so closely with my own interests, both personally and academically. The Lilly schedule was much more multi-disciplinary, its strength lying in drawing ideas from multiple systems of thought. I should probably note that, given the groups the conferences would attract, it's probably not surprising that C&W was the conference big on tweets.

What strikes me is the opportunity missed by Lilly organizers and attendees to enhance their conference discussions. The rich, swift moving Twitter backchannel discussion at C&W stands out as one of the best experiences related to the conference. Not only was I benefitting from the enriching discussions from attendees and presenters of the sessions I was personally attending in the physical world, but I was also gleaning additional insights from the same people in the digital space concurrently. Twitter also offered benefits not possible in the physical space: participants who didn't feel comfortable speaking up in the session, or who missed the opportunity to contribute in a timely manner but still wanted to offer a comment, and participants who wanted to distill the proceedings into salient takeaways all had a venue in which to speak. And as a bonus, pearls of insight freshly shucked in other concurrent sessions had an outlet to attendees who may have wanted to join in, but chose to participate in other, equally-tempting sessions. At C&W, thousands of #cwcon tweets created an entirely secondary conference experience over the course of four days, not even accounting for the days leading up to and weeks after. Any combination of search terms you can think of related to the Lilly Conference, including the official Twitter account, produces barely a dozen relevant results - two of them were my own, and there were hundreds of attendees there.

This comes just a month shy of my trip to the National Conference on Peer Tutoring and Writing in Miami (shameless plug: join me for "Tutoring Across the Spectrum of Directivity," tentatively scheduled for Saturday morning, Session B at 8 am - stay tuned for changes!). I anticipate that just like the C&W conference in May, the NCPTW conference is more applicable to a narrower group of subjects, which may bolster the interest all attendees may have in most sessions, both in sharing and learning from second-hand. By contrast, the sessions at Lilly were much more varied in subject and scope, so the universality of interest must have been lower. I think the fate of Lilly can be easily avoided at NCPTW, and I think the conference experience would be better for it.

Unfortunately, at this moment there's nothing to indicate an official Twitter presence for this upcoming NCPTW conference. Being the busy body I can be sometimes, I've just emailed the social networking coordinator for NCPTW, suggesting a more formal effort here. Until I get a response, I'm going to start tweeting with the #NCPTW tag. I do hope something official is announced soon, and well before the actual start date. *** Beside the obvious benefits of a concurrent conference backchannel, Twitter functions well in its most basic role as a social network, allowing attendees to connect before they arrive, plan what they intend to do during non-conference times, and to build networks of like minds to carry with them beyond the sessions.

I truly hope that either #NCPTW or something similar can take off as an umbrella hashtag. Even if I'm surrounded by those of a similar interest in Miami, I'd hate to feel as detached from other attendees as I did at the Lilly Conference.

*** EDIT: I've had the pleasure of learning from the NCPTW Social Networking Coordinator that they've taken my suggestion and created @NCPTW. Now to swell the following ranks...

For Good Measure - Priorities

At 11:23 Friday, I used a break from my legendary opticianry to be witness to one of the saddest things I've seen as an American. It was delayed a few moments in happening to ensure safety, but at 11:29, Space Shuttle Atlantis lifted off, carrying four astronauts and supplies bound for the International Space Station.

This was the last shuttle mission. The last planned manned space launch. It was so definitely the last mission that, unlike all missions before it, no other Shuttle and crew were on standby to rescue STS135 in the event of craft failure in orbit. Thus, the crew was limited to only four, the number of people the ISS and a returning Russian Soyuz capsule could accommodate.

We let the shuttle program expire with nothing ready to pick up where it left off, and worse, the planned replacement isn't even a sure thing. The earliest date for the US to return to space is set at maybe-gonna-happen-but-likely-to-be-delayed 2016. NASA is targeted constantly for defunding of its already ludicrously low budget.

I do not want to detract from the impressive and valuable work of NASA's unmanned science missions in landers and probes. With Hubble, Spirit/Opportunity, and New Horizons as prime examples,the usefulness of our inspiring unmanned exploration initiatives is not the issue (although I'm not surprised that recent house appropriations proposals would see the James Webb Space Telescope, the successor to the aging Hubble Space Telescope, pretty much killed). What galls me, even as a humanities academic-to-be, is our complete disregard for the science necessary to support the future of humanity. We cannot stay on this single lump of dirt orbiting one star indefinitely. We cannot hope to eek out a "quality" of life equal to our current level forever if we restrict ourselves to this finite, limited Earth.

I'm not trying to be the Star Trek Geek Roger with this rant; I understand that the future of space exploration isn't easy. Theoretically, we are going to be confined to this solar system for centuries, and may never be able to leave. Space is expansive and expensive, hazardous and humbling. While I personally believe that the limitations we're unable to reconcile now have more to do with our inexperience than true, iron-clad, immutable laws, I recognize that it isn't practical to see a future galavanting with the Vulcans, Klingons, and Cardassians - the science doesn't support it. The science does support distribution of  population, resource riches great enough to achieve a post-scarcity society, and a better understanding of our/Earth's evolutionary past. 

I don't buy the argument that the money is better spent on Earth. When two years of Iraq/Afghanistan operations exceed NASA's ENTIRE 50+ year budget, the argument of mutual exclusivity looks particularly absurd. Such backward thinking is what brought us here today, to an America without a manned spaceflight program and vague, ever-movable timelines for a return to the moon or a trip to Mars. 

When Atlantis returns to Earth on July 20 - the 42nd anniversary of the first moon landing and a painful juxtaposition to behold - it will be the last display of America's human space flight for at least five years. Atlantis will then be decommissioned, stripped down, and take up residence as the centerpiece of a public exhibit at the Kennedy Space Center, flipped upside down with its bay doors perpetually open. The concept is to recall Atlantis as it lived, in orbit around Earth, frozen in a pose it may have held when it was 190 miles above our heads instead of 192 feet. Like all taxidermy, however, I'm inclined to think it will exhibit not a farcical recreation of life, but a chilling, spectral memorial of death. How long must we wait for a new friend to help us move on from the loss of a three-decade friendship?

Parting thoughts on #560wr Book Sprint

Above is a Wordle cloud for the second draft of Chapter 3: “Tearing Down the Wall: Defining ourselves as social instructors in-person and online.” Anyone wishing to view and comment on this work in progress is welcome to read it here (with permission from coauthor Scott Atkinson).

The Sprint is over, but did we find a book at the finish line? Yes. No. Did we find SOTAB (something other than a book)? Yes. No. Does the group’s collected writing have a future beyond this? Definitely maybe.

Last week concluded the ENG 560 Book Sprint course (cleverly referred to in earlier posts as Text Dash). If you look at the foremost goal of such a class being to foster durable scholarship, we’ve met our goals. The class certainly covered a lot of ground in a collective two-week writing binge, and even more in the following one week revisionfest. I, speaking strictly personally as a participant in the class as a student, am happy with the results at the end of the course. It was fun, engaging, and despite early angst over topic, roles, and planning, the collective cranked out a respectable stock of interesting work. I look forward to reading the forthcoming compilation.

As someone looking to take this beyond student territory, however, I confess I’m a little nonplussed over the overall disinterest in the work’s post-class life. When I first heard about the Book Sprint concept far prior to class, I found the possibility of producing such significant, detailed scholarship in so short a time enticing. I’ve always been a binge writer, and formalizing that into a collected effort with other like-minded writers sounded like fun, as corny as that may seem. As I said earlier, I understood a class based on Book Sprints would have to be structured differently due to time, space, and rubric constraints. I was fine with that because I thought the essence of Book Sprint would remain: a blur of collaborative scholarship kindled by common interest, and a hope to join the larger discussion, whatever the mode.

We met one final time last week, with the writing and first round of edits already done, and tasked ourselves with just one question: What now? The answer was a resounding shrug.

The one-two punch of a Book Sprint, in my personal view, was collaborate-contribute. One month ago, I thought part 2 was a given, and the angst over part 1 was our only obstacle. I wonder if a lot of indifference centered around a fear that what we’d written wasn’t good enough to publish. That’s fair; our collection isn’t publishable as-is and that shouldn’t be a surprise. The lack of willingness to continue with the project, however, is truly disappointing. I’m left wondering if some fellow students had ever planned on more than a transaction: enroll>get assignments>complete assignments>get grade. That we were never on the hook for further contribution has always been clear, but I had anticipated there would have been more interest than I saw last week. What’s frustrating is that very few people actively opted out, but neither did many opt in.

We ultimately “decided” (meaning, with no other plans gaining consensus, we settled) on waiting for responses to the forthcoming read-through of the collected work, and then deciding where to go after that. Through email – outside of class – when some are disinterested, some have graduated and moved on, and some are eager for some sort of plan beyond. I worry that it will be impossible to then build any sort of consensus on necessary edits/revisions, what to do with the work of those opting out, and in what format to pursue distribution. This seems to run directly counter to the spirit of collaboration and contribution Book Sprints should ideally foster.

As that final class wore on, I sensed this unfortunate fate taking shape, and feebly tried to express my (grudging) new interest in taking our work off individually. This was received about as warmly as anything else discussed that night. To be clear, this is something I do not want, and I would much rather remain as a part of a group effort, but seeing the individual efforts succumb to a collective apathy is something I desire even less. I tried to play it gently, not wanting to appear snobbish about the quality of the work Scott and I produced (because really, I think all of the chapters have the same potential to be independently published after revisions), but now I’ll come out and say it: Scott and I worked hard on this project, and both feel there’s a lot more left to do, and more we want to do. I don’t want to speak for Scott too broadly, so I personally will say that I feel held hostage to the apathy of others.

I really want to take this work further. I hope that after reading the whole of everyone’s work, others will think similarly. This project has the potential to not only be personally valuable to the contributors, but also the beginning of an interesting legacy for the UMFlint English program, maybe as sort of ongoing project that future graduate cohorts will want to contribute to. I hope the students in this first ever section realize the potential they hold to define how this class exists – or perhaps does not – in the future.

"All I Really Wanted"

(credit: XKCD)

Despite being aware of Google's plans to make a Not-Facebook alternative, yesterday's launch of Google Plus snuck up on me. Aside from trying out different ways of referencing the service (Google+, Plus, GPlus, G+, +), I've spent a bit of time dinking around this morning.

I find myself happy to explore it, but I can see right off that it really is a Facebook clone. What's the difference? Where my Facebook account has sat largely dormant for well over a year, I find myself as interested in Plus as I was back when I first joined Facebook in 2007. If the functionality is largely identical, then it must be something harder to define. Naturally, I'll try to define it.

Facebook, and perhaps now Google Plus, are concepts. Facebook was about connecting with various people in a unified space, sharing what you found interesting, and casually socializing without the premeditated substance of emailing or calling someone. It was a trimmed down, more mature, calmer version of MySpace, someplace I'd deigned to join due to its embrace of the dramatic and spastic. It was simple enough, and perhaps most importantly, it was social. Being social was the concept, removed from clutter and complication.

Now shove the names around. Facebook, despite its better aesthetic, has become MySpace, and GooglePlus offers what Facebook once did - in spirit. It's no longer about what Facebook is, it's about what Facebook isn't. I know some reasons I don't use Facebook now: it encourages self-agrandizing, self-loathing, and self-pity; it has become almost compulsory to be there, thereby making me push away more; businesses have seized upon it as the thing they must do, vainly hoping that appearing current and connected shows the worth of their product/service.

I think the most significant change in my opinion about Facebook came when I noticed my attitude shift about friend requests. After seeking out the core of friends I actually wanted to see and interact with, the secondary friends began to trickle in. I added them because, after all, the point was to be social, and maybe I'd get to know them better through Facebook. Then the tertiary friends - pretty much the acquaintances - arrived. I made the first concession: I didn't dislike them, so why begrudge adding them. Then the people who truly complicated things arrived: family with whom you conduct yourself differently; professional contacts who you had to worry would be a risk to oversharing, but who you wanted to have connected for the off chance of a professional benefit. Friend requests became fraught events; do I add this person and possibly add more drama to my wall? Do I do so to be diplomatic, or because I like them? What do I risk by declining?

Then you start seeing the effects of such a mixing of peoples without restraint: a constant tide of drama, with people taking offense at another's sharing, the shaking of fists across ideological divides, and factioning into groups based on what we are/aren't and like/dislike. It became a chore to log onto Facebook. All of this had a chilling effect on my willingness to share. I'd waffle back and forth between "I'm a whole person here, and if they don't like the whole person, they can unfriend me" and "Hmmph. Without context, this could seem odd/stupid/offensive." I'd always try to move back to the "screw it - take me as I am" side, but thinking of what to share became a process of rationalizing. I'd more often then not end up saying "screw it - it's not important" instead, and not post/participate. At the same time, I was introduced to and began to increase my use of Twitter, where brief and topical socialization was (and still is, largely) all there was to do. In the end, I've come to realize it's that Facebook made me feel asocial. Not a good thing for a social networking site to inspire.

As I wrote this post, Alan Benson mentioned (on Google Plus) something that lead one of his respondents to what I hope will be the key difference: Circles will be key to avoiding this asocial behavior. Facebook added friend groups, and the ability restrict content sharing by groups, but after a couple of years of letting the melting pot of the "everybody into the (one) pool" approach roil and scorch, the damage had been done for people like me. I'd become disinterested in Facebook and its concomitant drama/angst. So from the outset, I'll make use of these Circles. As Plus gets moving, I'll keep this up and make use of sharing settings. I'd like to have Facebook back in the way I once liked it, where socialization was the key component.

Oh, and Google? Keep accounts to individuals only to preserve the social nature. When I see businesses advertise their Facebook profile, I can only think of AOL keywords. You don't want that.

An opportunity for some of that #560wr collaboration we’ve all been after.

Below you can find some extremely rough drafting of what I've written so far for mine and Scott's chapter, tentatively titled "Breaking down barriers: defining ourselves as social instructors." I invite anybody from 560 (or anyone else, really) to comment or offer feedback. I don't know what use this will be without being positioned in the whole piece, but there it is. As I add larger chunks, I'll include it here.

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            To define ourselves as social instructors, we must do what we can to encourage our composition students to become more social themselves. Part of that is going where the students are social, where they are comfortable. After all, they have to step into what they see as your turf when they enter the classroom; why shouldn’t you be willing to step into what is arguably their turf?

            Students are increasingly social online, through popular social media outlets, and the happy accident of this is that they are therefore writing socially. So far, as several high profile venues entered and exited the “it” zone in the past decade, almost all have had a crucial commonality: networked, socially connected writing. Jeff Rice, responding to a College English prompt to what College English should be, warned that early college composition classes still rely heavily on isolated, unidirectional writing modes: one writer engages singularly with one text or set of texts, creating a single new text about their individual experience or opinion. The space somewhere else,” Rice offers in contrast, “... is the open space constructed out of connections where multiple writers engaging within multiple ideas in multiple media at multiple moments function. That space somewhere else is the network" (130). This space is enabled by student use of social media. More than functioning as a mere “You already write more than you think; look at your Facebook activity” ward against the “I don’t like to write” students, this networked student writing is a great model for class writing. By encouraging (or requiring?) students to write regular, varied entries to course blogs, message boards, social media feeds, and whatever other public writing you can conceive of, and by encouraging (or requiring?) discussion with each other about their writing, you can build an understanding that any writing can be more networked, more social.

            Before we can attempt guiding others through this sort of border crossing between closed and open networks, perhaps we should demonstrate our own ability to make the crossing. At the time of this writing (and, as much as this sort of disclaimer may be awkward, the fickleness of the online socialscape supports it), Facebook remains the most populated place such social, open network writing can be done. Further, it also lends the instructor the ability to craft their social image outside of the classroom. A 2009 study gauged student reaction to varying levels of their instructor’s activity on a social network, in this case Facebook, drawing a cautious conclusion that instructors who are open and accessible on Facebook may reap classroom benefits: “The findings suggest that teachers who exhibit high levels of self-disclosure on a Facebook website may appear more credible than teachers low in computer-mediated self-disclosure” (Mazer, Murphy, and Simonds, 179-180). “High-levels of self disclosure” is explained as corresponding with friends and family, posting many pictures, and expressing opinions. More simply: the instructors are free to be themselves. By carrying on with the same social persona online as in class, especially if it is not restricted just to class topics, strong impressions of both the instructor’s social verity and social writing are delivered to students. In fact, doing the opposite online has the corresponding opposite effect:

Although our findings reveal a positive association between teacher self-disclosure and perceptions of teacher credibility, instructors should be consistent with their self-disclosure on Facebook and their teaching style in the classroom. Teachers who exhibit a relaxed personality on Facebook with informal photographs and entertaining messages, but operate their classrooms strictly, may create violated expectations resulting in negative effects on students (180).

(? Sociably doing the more common duties of instructorship.)

            Being a sociable while performing in an instructor’s capacity extends beyond face-to-face office hours and after class discussion. Even when doing the duties of maintaining online contact, there’s justification to do so in a less minimalist, more engaged way. Whether used as an out-of-class continuation of in-class discussions or as a stand-alone discussion space for online learning, course message board systems offer obvious benefit. There is room for a more considered role for instructors moderating online discussion boards; several studies in recent years offer insight into how an instructor’s digital presence can shape class, both in-person and online.

            A study of email interaction with students at risk of poor performance, while lasting only a brief 4 weeks, showed that the way an email is constructed is important. Students were split into groups: those who received motivational, but nonspecific email contact about course details, and those who received personalized, individually-detailed correspondence motivating them to improve their progress. The results show that those who received non-personalized contact fared worse in measures of confidence, motivation, and achievement than those who were emailed with individualized messages (Kim and Keller 45-48). (*** Rework)

            Instructor conduct on message boards, however, seems a trickier path to walk. A 2007 survey by Margaret Mazzolini and Sarah Maddison of a significant number of message board postings and their corresponding student feedback surveys teased out two observations: when instructors post, the student conversation tends to die in that thread and; despite a widespread instructor opinion that their own posts are designed to open up conversation and encourage follow-up, the vast majority of their posts are actually closed-ended, direct answers (210-211). Instead of being discouraged from contributing, instructors might be able to take heart: Mazzolini and Maddison disclaim that “forums with fewer student postings and shorter discussion threads than most are not necessarily deficient. It may be that frequent instructor intervention makes discussions more efficient, with less time spent by students pursuing false trails and conducting inconclusive debates” (211). Instructors can also reasonably draw an opposing conclusion from the study details. If student contribution drops off after an instructor jumps in and the instructor contributions are primarily closed to follow-up, then a truly Socratic form of open-ended questions, as the study authors mention, might in fact encourage a more engaged discussion board.  (*** Drifting? How is this “social?”)

On #560wr, TextDash, collaboration, and beanie babies.

I've always wondered how much I border on anti-social, especially where classwork is concerned. Throughout much of my education, the words "partner," "collaboration," or "group work" used to be instant anxiety cues. It seemed like I almost always ended up as the one who cared most, and therefore the one who fretted through bottles of antacids until turn-in. So maybe not so much anti-social; perhaps mistrusting? Misanthropic? Fortunately, this changed as I joined a community of students/others who seem to share this kind of active care about what they're working on/writing together.

We're at the midpoint of ENG 560, a course originally modeled mostly after a now guarded word that someone here might have to pay for if mentioned publicly. Let's call it TextDash. When I first learned about TextDash several months ago, prior to the creation of the course, this was the nutshell of how it worked: 

• Professionals/academics from around the region/country who presumably know each other relatively well decide they'd all like to write a book* together, because they believe that the 7-12 of them all really know their way around a topic - let's say, beanie babies. 
• Rather than trying to chip away at such a large project like a book* for months/years, in which some contributers are bound to:

• lose interest in bringing forward a collected work about beanie babies
• change their opinion of their particular subinterest of beanie babies
• be delayed by other scholarly work on their specific beanie baby interests
• have their in-progress research devalued/augmented by other beanie baby scholarship published in the meantime...
• The writers decide to convene for one short, focused burst of collaborative beanie baby scholarship, hoping to power through all other distractions and emerge - within very short order - with a cohesive, timely, authoritative, collection of their work. Maybe even a book*.
• The writers agree to set aside a whole block of time (days, maybe even a week) to converge at one place and communally live, eat, sleep, research, and write beanie babies. 
• Upon meeting, they divide up the time into chunks: topic selection, research, writing, editing, and polishing. Each takes a specific beanie baby subtopic they know (varieties, values, depreciation, the social stigma of renting a two bedroom apartment for you and your beanie babies, the indignity of Ty's manufactured rarity, throwing out your collection once you realize they really aren't collectibles, how to integrate that Ty tattoo ... down there... into a more respectable coverup, etc..).
• A crucial dynamic emerges: togetherness. The subtopics are sluiced from dreck and emerge in the same room. The research happens in the same room. Prewriting probably happens in the same room. Then, when it comes time to write, writing largely happens in the same room. Once everyone's finished drafting, they workshop and revise several times with other writers in the same room. Finally, the collection is polished and sent on its way to meet whatever incarnation it will take, securing its role of influence over other beanie baby scholars for decades - maybe even as a book*.

It was obvious to me when I first learned of TextDash that this could be an awesome basis for a course, but that some things would have to change, especially when it became a summer course. The biggest and most obvious, is that this could not have the same level of immersion a true TextDash could. Assume, very conservatively, that enthusiasts of any topic, beanie babies or other, restrict themselves to 14 hour work days when surrounded with like-minded peers. Even if they meet and collaborate for only 5 days, they'll spend 70 face-face hours in each other's presence. Unlike those people who probably at least professionally knew each other and their work, we're relative novices who, with some exceptions, didn't know each other prior to entering this course. At the end of 560, we'll have met in-person for only 20 hours. By necessity, two of those sessions have been very much NOT collaborative, but instead designed to disseminate mutually useful information in the most condensed way possible. I do believe the collaboration that 560 can look forward to will happen in the next few weeks as we write with our chapter partners and edit/revise the results as a class. The other two classes we've already experienced also ran up against a difference from our beanie baby counterparts - we don't all agree on the topic we've selected. The first sessions were characterized by disagreement and frustration because we, being relative newcomers to the field, do not have the in-built history our established peers do. Inherently, we were going to feel like any topic we picked was being plucked out of the air. Throw in the complication that we're not even all from the same field or headed toward the same field, and of course the quality of content brainstorming was going to be reduced. We're not yet scholars of instruction, being that most of us have not yet taught a class. 

What this class is is an exercise in the basest components of research with an eye toward contributing to a larger discussion. We are originating, researching, and synthesizing new discussion for outside consumption. *: The word "book" has attracted far too much angst in the past 4 weeks. I don't care if this is a book, a wiki, a novella, an ebook, or if these topics end up lacking the cohesion to justify a collection and we all take our pieces and look elsewhere for contribution (although I sincerely doubt the last scenario will happen). What we are trying to do here is to fit our research and writing into a larger assemblage which is itself joining a larger discussion. I knew from the beginning that the most attractive elements of a true TextDash would have difficulty integrating: in-person back-and-forth brainstorming, immersion with many like-minded writers, and developing a well-honed topic/subtopic relationship were all bound to diminish where the participants meet 2.5 hours per week over 8 weeks and necessarily had to do their work away from each other amidst the rest of regular life. This was never going to be a true TextDash.

Finally, there has been a great deal of - I'll say it - negativity regarding how we've utilized alternatives to face-face time in this class. Speaking primarily of Twitter, but to a lesser extent Google Docs, there have been entirely unproductive snarks about how the #560wr tag has not been active enough. Still, I have yet to hear how there was going to be a robust twitter backchannel to this course when all of the above issues are considered. I love what Twitter can do for subdiscussion in some venues, like during the Computers and Writing Conference sessions, where interesting counterpoints and questions emerged alongside the presentations we were viewing. However, I was irritated by some of the useless, nonconstructive, sometimes openly negative blather some contributers seemed to flood the #cwcon tag with, seemingly being content to be heard rather than to actually say something. (for further reading on my thoughts of CWcon... just wait. I might get around to writing a horribly late post-con entry soon) Up until this week, all #560wr writers were either doing research (very much a read-only kind of mode), or otherwise not sure they had anything worth saying yet. The only thing I dislike more than no class discussion is uninspired, regurgitative class discussion. If you aren't adding something, squawking like a parrot isn't better. This also applies to Twitter.

So am I a misanthrope for taking umbrage with how twitchy things have gotten about this class? I hope not. I understand that, like me, participants want to get something out of this besides the class grade - I did not need to take this class for requirements at all, but instead chose to take it because it seemed damned interesting. What I'd like to believe I am is a realist with standards. In this case, my standards are fairly low: take what you can from ENG 560, even if it isn't your personal ideal. Don't ignore what's good because you've yet to see exactly what you'd hoped to at the outset. You may yet be surprised at what you gain when everything wraps up in July, especially if you don't set preconditions.

Kiss that frog beanie baby and see what happens, people.

Wherein one slipped through a crack.

I had an unfortunate experience today in the writing center. For obvious reasons of protecting student identity, I'll keep some details out. This specific session is not really important except as the McGuffin device for my larger observation.

A student arrived at the front desk at 4pm and wanted to get an appointment to have a paper tutored. We were, unfortunately, fullly booked until at least 5pm. As we're supposed to do, I attempted to prod out what the paper was, who it was for, and what the student wanted to work on. He didn't know the instructor, the name or course designation of his class, and all he said was that he wanted to work on his "bibliography." I book the appointment for another tutor at 5 because I'm scheduled for a one-on-one session with my recurring student from 4-6.

5 rolls around, and because my usual student didn't come in today, I decide to just take the other tutor's appointment because she's in the middle of a lengthy, productive session that's going to run long. I'm going to rename the original student - the one who wanted a 4 but had to take a 5 - to Michael.

As I sit down with Michael, I attempt to again get some information on what he's there for. It turns out that "bibliography" means to check his MLA works cited page. Like many professors do, his instructor has provided an augmented style for source formatting, and of course, the instructor trumps style. I also see that the instructor has linked out of his assignment sheet (a raw URL in a Word doc) to a third party site (not a school or the OWL) to find formatting guidelines for the websites. When I saw it later, it looked to be the same as MLA.

It's a small paper with only 4 sources, and it looks like he's gotten one of the citations - the solitary book, in a format provided by the instructor - down okay without too much need for correction. Things derail as we get to the other sources, unfortunately, as he tells me his paper is due at 5:30 (It's now 5:15), and I see he's pretty much nowhere near MLA guidelines for his three web-based sources: he's only listed raw URLs. Michael also chooses now to want to take a look at the body of the paper, and ask how to integrate an in-text citation. Knowing that the amount of time we have left combined with reasons I'll get to a little later means that we simply aren't going to get his sources fixed in time, I try and steer him to what we can fix. That's the in-text stuff. This is common in appointments like this; when, for whatever reason, the student is up against a close deadline with more to fix than time permits, we do triage. I try and get here with polite inquiry, explaining that he's going to have to do a lot for one task: look up the name of an author, if any exists; the name of the page; the name of the website; date of publication, if determinable; and his date of access -- three times in 10ish minutes.

Michael doesn't take well to this, and complains that three times before he's been to our writing center, and each time he's left it frustrated. I saw this coming through body language and tone, so I'm ready. I play nice and concerned, and reassure him that I only want to help him fix what we can because time just doesn't permit for it all. I give him the public-consumption version of the "we just didn't have time - maybe if you came in earlier" advice.

Michael: Well I tried to come in at 4 pm and you wouldn't fuckin let me.

Roger: Oookay...

Michael (shoving paper and laptop back into bag): This place is fuckin ridiculous. Are we done?

Roger: If you are...

Michael slams chair, looks expectantly at me.

Roger: I'm... sorry we couldn't help you more.

Michael: Me too. Fuckin waste of time.

Michael storms out. I sit there for a good five minutes, feeling guilty. Man, I had a feeling at 4 that my scheduled student wasn't gonna be here today and she wasn't. I just knew it. I could've gotten this guy in and we could've done an hour long appointment for 1 page, and I could've fixed...  I stopped my line of thinking because, despite my guilt of letting someone walk out in no better a state than they entered, I knew there were factors outside my control that brought us to this point. The biggest, of course, was that Michael brought in an unfinished paper 1.5 hours before it was due and expected to get an appointment immediately.

Here's the dicey part, and at great length, my point: Michael's computer illiterate. I know to some who read this (the three of you), that's instantly a valuable detail that augments everything you just read. Whatever you may feel about the legitimacy of stereotypes about which groups of people are computer illiterate, there are some groups that are prone. Michael was a classic case. Interacting with his laptop was slow and uncertain. Finding his assignment sheet was slow and uncertain. Finding his document was slow, uncertain, and littered with several false starts. Opening a website was slow and uncertain. His Word document was an unformatted single block of text. Typing was slower than hunt-and-peck.

The entire time I was working with Michael was characterized by silent patience while he interacted with his laptop, punctuated by one or two sentences of conversation, then continued waiting. Had a computer savvy user had the same amount of time and work Michael did, we'd still have had a close call because we started so late. Michael made some unfortunate choices in timing, yes, but he had ten times the uphill battle of most other users.

So what's the solution to this? There's no doubt that computers are extremely close knit with the college experience now, and even more so writing. However inelegant, is it time we add another placement test for first time students: the computer literacy test? As it stands now, I believe UM-Flint strongly encourages an optional remedial course to some groups, but it's not a requirement. Would Michael have been better off had he been mandatorily shunted into that class in his first term? What's the definition of computer literate? How many students like Michael slip through this crack and are forever handicapped by their lacking skillset?

Understanding the nature of the computer illiterate/uncomfortable/novice, whatever term you prefer, is hard for me. I simply am not, mostly by virtue of my interests, but also by virtue of my generation. Am I a hacker? No. Am I a software developer? Not even close. I do know how to use a computer - any computer, I'd wager - and perhaps most crucially of all, I know how to tell when I don't know enough and how to remedy that.

What about the Michaels?

The Author Amidst Digital Armageddon

I really like my thesis topic.

I'm told it's not exactly rare, but not exactly common either. Somewhat more unusual, I gather, is that the thesis project I considered undertaking at the very beginning of my MA is mostly what I've come to a close with. I count myself lucky. An early proposal for the topic for my first class at UM-Flint was titled: "From Paper to Processor: The Novel at the Onset of Digital Armageddon."

The basic concepts have stuck around, but I realize the then-title reflects the very issue I've come to anticipate my finished product will heavily explore: we are a fearful lot. We are definitely a hearty bunch, us humans. We adapt, move on, and soon barely notice changes, but not before pulling a collective Chicken Little moment first. At the first sign of change, no matter how well-supported history's assurances are that we'll survive, we pretty much lose our collective shit.

Back in early 2009, as the Kindle was nearing release, all we heard was fire and brimstone about the future of the book: the publishers would die, taking the tried-and-true champion of the author with them; the book would be quickly pirated and widely disseminated, robbing publishers (oh, and authors too .. yeah..) of livelihood; good novels would suddenly have to wade neck-deep among unfiltered dreck in the absence of official gatekeepers; e-readers would borrow your car without refilling the gas tank; animals would rise against man now that they could secret away digitized manifestos underneath their beds and food bowls for reading in stolen moments.

Being that I enjoy reading and hope to eventually finish writing a book and see it through to publication, I must have taken too seriously the collective freakout that the paper book was on borrowed time, and thus confused the novel as a concept with its medium of dissemination. So my title reflected the message I was hearing: the Novel at the Onset of Digital Armageddon. 

Now at the beginning of 2011, with several versions of the Kindle, the Nook, the Sony Reader (still the worst name of the lot) all behind us, I've come to realize the novel will be just fine. Even the iPad will probably have a second version out by the time I turn this thesis in. Sure, the medium is changing, but the novel isn't under siege. Digital Armageddon is happening, but its the author who is already standing in the midst of the biggest change. To tip my hand on my final product just a little bit, I am beginning to think the changes are for the better.

While I think the single most-obvious benefit the Digital Armageddon holds for the author -the expansion of readership/exposure - outweighs the faults, there are questions to answer:

• While the author won't go away, what must they give up and what will they gain? 
• How will commercial definitions of "profitable" be refined, and what share of profits will authors come to expect? 
• How will piracy be tolerated, systemically and individually. What examples can book publishers draw from the music and game industries.
• What kind of independent market will take off? For example, there are many inexpensive and free titles available to e-readers to help swell their catalogs, but what system can we develop to better match a reader to their interests as the sheer volume of available work explodes?
• How does the role of author as an artist (think ar-teest) stand to be redefined? Will the physical novel remain as an ivory tower for only the truly accomplished and celebrated authors to isolate themselves in?

I'm constantly tempted, as I continue research, to go off on fascinating but ultimately tangential side-quests: the history of e-reading; the technology of e-reading; the implications for education of e-reading growth; what ultimate economic implications will unfold as the industry shakes out suddenly-unnecessary jobs because revenue moves from physical to digital; the frustrating sensory je ne sais quoi surrounding the physical novel that will take several generations to shake out; and fanciful imaginings of reading in the future. I am constantly reminding myself of my focus, including an admonishment that occupies the top of the first page in my document of research notes and random tidbits:

No Matter How Interesting Other Issues May Be –

DO NOT FORGET That the Primary Subject of this Paper is

THE AUTHOR

What a pleasant frustration to have.

Relaunch: An unfocused manifesto?

Today I relaunch my blog. Started first as a class requirement for Fall 2009 English 513: Issues in Digital Rhetoric at University of Michigan-Flint, this will hopefully scratch the itch I've been having to talk about what I'm working on apart from what I hope to make official (turned in/published). The original title of the blog was, for some reason I can't quite fathom now, "pixelated prose." Not sure where I was going with that. In the time since completing the course, my thoughts on digital rhetoric (a term I still feel misses out on the unwieldy range of topics I'm interested in, yet for which no better alternative exists) and associated issues have greatly expanded. My applications to five PhD programs in Michigan, Maryland, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia all emphasize my interest here as much as in composition theory.

I'm keeping original posts made from class, as they are markers from earlier on in my digital rhetoric journey. One theme appeared early on, and I believe is worthy of bearing the title for the relaunch. The new title of the blog, "The Digital Naturalized Citizen," is based on a personal response I had to Marc Prensky's "Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants." To grossly oversimplify Prensky's thoughts: if we apply the metaphor of citizenship to how we integrate with the larger digital world, two groups emerge:

• the Digital Natives, or those who have lived from so young an age in a world where continual use of sophisticated technology, multimodal electronic communication, and the constant reinvention of the digital landscape are simple facts of life
• the Digital Immigrants, relative newcomers to the digital world, for whom each new digital venue or application of technology is more likely to cause anxiety due to unfamiliarity than it is to alleviate workload or facilitate easier communication

Beyond the stereotypes of the young whippersnapper who can program the NASA-designed VCR and the tech-illiterate geezer who is afraid to even learn how to use a mouse, the interaction of these groups is more than just a generational divide. The DI and DN think differently. They have each existed so long in a world where the other's way of thinking/interacting/communicating was fundamentally different. To the DN, the DI seems hopelessly antiquated, a low-bandwidth individual who functions too stubbornly in too few threads. To the DI, the DN seems frenetic, easily distracted, and too reliant on fallible technological gadgets.

Even when trying to be diplomatic, it's hard to strip descriptions of these groups and their intersection of any dramatic flair. What I said above probably seems over-simplified. It is. That's why there's something between the Digital Native and the Digital Immigrant: the Digital Naturalized Citizen.

I'm a Digital Naturalized Citizen, and I'm willing to guess you probably are, too. I was born in 1979 in a house with one antenna-powered cabinet TV, one rotary-dial phone, and my father's collection of numerous hobby radios. It was the middle 80's before we had an Atari 2600. It was 1988 before we had cable TV, an Apple IIe, and a Nintendo. It was 1990 before we'd migrated to a touch-tone telephone. Today, I carry a smartphone in my pocket that is capable of outstripping all of those technologies by innumerable factors, and my wife and I collectively own no fewer than 9 devices that regularly connect to the Internet for work, communications, or entertainment. This isn't mentioned for the sake of a "look how far we've come" kind of geekout (although, it is pretty cool), but for you to compare yourself to. How many of us still remember a life when we didn't use electronic means but rarely, essentially living an almost fully analog life? It happened gradually, but we've become as digitally-aware/comfortable/integrated as any so-called Digital Native. We are technically Digital Immigrants, but we have transformed fully, as so many have, to be indistinguishable from the Digital Natives. I feel absolutely comfortable concluding that this middle-generation - a significant population - are Digital Naturalized Citizens.

This goes farther than being the middle-ground voice of reason whenever the DNs or DIs resist each other's influence. We are the voice in the middle of the debate about technology's ever-creeping insertion into our lives. We see digital reformation of our society not as the Infocalypse, but more as a metamorphoses from one stage to the next. It. Just. Is. Technology is inert, socially. It is what we want it to be, great or small, a little or a lot. It is in this way I think of technological integration; to keep in mind that these are not digital horsemen of the apocalypse, but merely digital scapegoats for the same tired issues every generation lets its shit get all emotional over: smartphones are not wholesale destroying our minds, but I pity the couple who eat together at the table next to mine, muttering a half conversation over the screens they use to distract themselves from what looks like a failing relationship. It isn't "The Twitter" that's destroying a child's writing, it's the natural development of a grammar we all engage in based on whatever environment we communicate in most regularly, the schools who are fiscally unable to provide the alternative, and the parents who are unwilling to take up that slack. It isn't video games that are sapping our children of physical activity, it's the cultural shift that has become hostile to the social goods of education and green space and has simultaneously discouraged parents from setting limits.

The Digital Naturalized Citizen doesn't go to pieces when new digital things step onto the scene: he/she realizes we are humans using technology, not the other way around.